Portable audiometer enclosed within a patient response mechanism housing

ABSTRACT

A portable audiometer for performing hearing testing enclosed within a patient response mechanism housing is disclosed. The audiometer may include a printed circuit board containing circuitry, plugs or other connectors for wired or wireless headphones and bone conductor, a battery charging unit, and one or more buttons for indicating response to pure tone and other stimuli, including, but not limited to noise, speech, and visual and audio instructions and graphical representations of objects or concepts used in a comprehensive hearing test. The instrument can be connected via a wired or wireless interface to a variety of controlling devices, including PC&#39;s, Personal Digital Assistants (PDA&#39;s), cellular phones, smartphones, including hybrid phone and PDA, and other devices such as media players, gaming systems, personal audio players, and other devices that can operatively communicate with the portable device.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of portable audiometry usedfor hearing evaluation.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Use of audiometers in the characterization of hearing patterns is wellknown in the art, and commonly used by audiologists, physicians,occupational health testers and industrial hygenists, school nurses andother testing personnel, audiologic technicians, and researchers, amongothers. Typical audiometers generate sine wave pure tones that arepresented to the test subject and a response to the stimulus is given byverbal or hand signal, or via patient response mechanism such as abutton that is externally connected via a cable or other similar meansand is communicatively coupled to the audiometer. Both air conductionand bone conduction audiometry are widely practiced and employ differentmeans of delivering the stimuli that help in localizing the source ofhearing deficit in a subject. Specifications and calibrations ofaudiometers are well established and defined under a series of standardsincluding both ISO and ANSI standards bodies.

Recent developments in linking computers to audiometers has resulted ina class of audiometers that are computer-driven, thereby enabling thestorage of information and results more readily. These computer-operatedaudiometers create additional means to automate the testing process, andfacilitate group as well as individual testing protocols.

Shennib (U.S. Pat. No. 5,197,332) teaches a design for implementing anaudiometer within a headband used to also house the headphonetransducers and other related peripherals necessary to embody a hearingaid testing system. This design offers some advantages in portabilityover more conventional audiometers, but requires a specific mounting andtype of head gear to be worn, that limits the flexibility of types ofaudiometric transducers that can be used with the system withoutadditional accessories or custom adaptations.

Since it may be desirable for an audiometer to include a patient controland response switch mechanism so that the patient can signal theiracknowledgement of the stimuli, the inclusion of the audiometer into theresponse mechanism housing eliminates at least one extra component in aconfiguration, especially when automated testing is desired. This maymake both the use and transportation of the audiometer more convenient,and address the portability as well as increasing reliability byreducing the number of components that must be used in the testingprocess.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The current invention provides a novel approach by embedding theaudiometer within the housing of the mechanism that the patient uses toacknowledge the stimulus or provide other types of feedback consistentwith a comprehensive hearing test, and does so in a way that optimizesboth portability and flexibility of its use. The housing may be held bythe test subject in their hand during the testing procedure, or it maybe placed on a flat surface (such as a table top) convenient andcomfortable for the test subject to access with their hand. In avariation of this embodiment of the invention, the housing may besuspended around the patient's neck via a lanyard or cord so that thehousing rests against the chest of the subject, who may use their handto signal response to the stimuli presented by, through, or inconjunction with the device.

The patient response mechanism may include one or a plurality ofactuators such as buttons, switches, dials, bio-feedback, or other meansof signaling response to the presented stimuli, response to a visualcue, or manipulating parameters of the device, such as the frequency andintensity levels or moving from one stage of a test to another so as toenable the test subject to perform an automated test of various typesand configurations. Additionally, a cover may be placed over or aroundthe housing in order to make the device appear like something morefriendly and/or familiar to the subject, such as a ladybug, racecar, orany of a variety of other appearances which may serve to make thepresence of the device more comfortable and less intimidating for thetest subject, which may be especially helpful when testing children.

Further, the use of the invention with a wireless communications method,such as Bluetooth, WiFi, wireless USB, and others that may be widelyused, offers flexibility in positioning the test subject relative to theperson administering or monitoring the test, and also facilitatestesting of multiple test subjects concurrently. Additionally, in atleast one embodiment, the tester and the subject may be at a distancefrom one another and still accomplish a complete and accurateaudiometric testing process.

An advantage in the wireless mode of operation is the reduction incables that link the subject to the tester, which can result indifficulties of entanglement and inadvertent changes in the quality ofthe connection via the cord with the attendant pulling or twisting thatcan occur as the subject may move during the testing process. The use ofwireless headphones would provide further advantages in this scenario,by also eliminating the cord from the device to the headphones orearphones worn by the test subject.

The system may be operated with the test administrator and subjectwithin a sound-proof enclosure, outside a sound-proof enclosure, or in aconfiguration of the test subject within and the test administratoroutside the sound-proof enclosure.

As use of software can add to the flexibility of initiating, performing,tracking and generally controlling a testing protocol, and as there area variety of microprocessor-based devices that run software andincorporate the necessary navigation, keyboard and/or screen functionsto effect a testing method, it is highly desirable to create a systemthat can be used on a wide array of device types. Devices includingPC's, Personal Digital Assistants (PDA's), smartphones (many of whichinclude functions of both phone and PDA), and other devices such asmedia players, gaming systems, personal audio players, and other devicesthat can operatively communicate with the audiometer device representflexibility for the test administrator to choose the device mostconvenient or readily available for administering a hearing test. It mayalso be desirable for software that runs on different types of devicesto have a similar look and feel across the various types of screensizes, resolutions, memory configurations and other characteristics thateach may embody.

Finally, to achieve the flexibility of use to maximize the advantage ofa portable audiometer housed within a patient response device, theinvention may be operable under both DC and AC power.

Therefore, it may be desirable to implement an audiometer that has boththe flexibility to use a variety of headphone, earphone, and boneconductor peripherals, provide an integrated patient response mechanismwhich has one or more actuators for patient response with an optionalcover to make it friendlier for use by certain test subjects, and enablea wireless means to communicatively operate the audiometer from avariety of microprocessor-based devices.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Other features of the present invention are further apparent from thefollowing detailed description of the embodiments of the presentinvention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, of which:

FIG. 1 depicts an example embodiment of the handheld device enclosurecontaining the audiometer.

FIG. 2 shows the device embodiment held in hand and with the cordsattached for air conduction headphones/earphones and bone conductor.

FIG. 3 depicts the typical configuration of use by a test subject.

FIG. 4 illustrates one example of how a test subject and test operatormay be oriented during a testing process.

FIG. 5 is an alternate embodiment of the device as housed in a casesuitable for table-top operation.

FIG. 6 is an example of a test subject operating the alternate table-topembodiment.

FIG. 7 depicts an alternate positioning of the embodiment as suspendedaround the neck of the test subject while the test process is performed.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram that shows the essential components of thedevice circuitry.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

The invention provides electronics and other components in a portableenclosure that may include an integrated patient response mechanism, aswell as connectors for the air conduction and optionally the boneconduction device, and communicate in a wired or wireless fashion to amicroprocessor-based device that runs software to operativelycommunicate with the patient response device in order to manage ormonitor a testing process in either a manual or automated fashion, aswell as to transmit and receive audio signals for a variety of tests,such as speech testing and for instructions provided to the testsubject. Such a portable enclosure may be, for example, a hand-holdableportable enclosure that is sized and shaped to fit comfortably in asingle human hand.

The device housing (105) as shown in FIG. 1 may include an electronicassembly within the handheld unit that provides the circuitry andcomponents of the audiometer. A battery compartment (not shown) may beremovable for replacement of rechargeable or disposable batteries, or itmay be sealed, depending on the type of battery used.

FIG. 1 shows an example embodiment of a handheld device (100) withpatient response button(s) (101), and ports for connecting the headphoneor earphone (102), bone conductor (103), and power supply/charger unit(104). The above configuration may be varied in order to accommodate arange of potential housing shapes and preferred operational formatswithout affecting the principal function of the device (100).

In an example embodiment of the patient response mechanism (101), anumber of buttons or other types of actuators may be configured torepresent the acknowledgement of the tone stimuli generated by the airor bone conductor, and also to denote other actions or respond toadditional types of stimuli or information presented. These actions maybe to enable navigation by the test subject within the test, such asfrom one frequency or tone intensity to another by means of pressing thebuttons, or to acknowledge one of a number of choices presented. In anexample configuration utilizing a plurality of buttons, the label of thebutton may be permanently marked on or near the button, or the labelingof the button may be context sensitive, that is, governed by thesoftware and shown by an electronically controlled label so that varioustests and configurations may be achieved by the same button depending onthe test or step being administered by the system and operator.

It should be noted that while the following illustrations show righthanded use, this configuration makes the device comfortable for bothleft and right handed use.

FIG. 2 depicts an example embodiment of a portable audiometer deviceheld in the hand with the test subject's thumb being used to depress theresponse mechanism, and with the headphone or earphone cable (201) andoptional bone conductor connection cable (202) shown connected to theend of the device.

In an example embodiment, the connectors used for the headphone and boneconductor cords may be a mini-DIN connector type, which provides for asecure and stable connection, avoiding the common problem of twistingthat is well known in systems that use audio plugs, including, forexample ¼″ or ⅛″ audio jacks. A collar-locking type of mini-DINconnector can be used that cannot be pulled out without lifting thecollar first, thereby further reducing the possibility of the connectionto the device being negatively affected unless the disconnection of thecord and the device is specifically intended.

FIG. 3 is an illustration of how a device according to the invention(301) may be held by a test subject, along with the cord connection tothe headphones (302) and the headphones worn (303) to perform an airconduction hearing test. With the bone conductor connected, anadditional cable and the bone conductor may be affixed to the mastoidbone behind the ear or forehead with the accompanying headband or otherway of affixing the bone conductor to the intended area at the forcerequired by governing standards.

FIG. 4 is an illustration of a testing configuration in which a personwho is utilizing a microprocessor-based controlling device (401) can bepositioned relative to and communicating wirelessly (402) with the atest subject operating the inventive device while taking a test. Themicroprocessor-based controlling device (401) may be any of a pluralityof device types, including a personal computer (“PC”), personal digitalassistant (“PDA”), phone, custom or hybrid device, media player, gamingsystem, personal audio player, or other device that can operativelycommunicate with the handheld audiometer.

Additionally, the controlling device (401) may transmit a series of testinstructions to be stored in the device memory for automating the testprocedure, so that it may be run independently by the test subjectwithout intervention by the test administrator.

FIG. 5 is an alternate embodiment of the device showing a housing thatis suitable for use when positioned on a table or other flat surface,and enabling the user to operate the device in this position andorientation. In FIG. 5 as shown, the housing may have one or morepatient response mechanisms (501) and plug and cord adapters (502). Thisconfiguration may be better suited than the configuration depicted inFIG. 1 to use in a setting where the test subject can be positioned tooperate the unit on a table top or other comparable flat surface asshown in FIG. 6.

FIG. 7 is an illustration of an alternative placement of the patientresponse mechanism enclosure as suspended from a cord (704) or othersuch means around the neck of the test subject for convenience and easeof use in various positions. The microprocessor-based controlling device(701) may be communicating wirelessly (702) with the audiometer, and thetest subject may be able to use the patient response mechanism(s) (703)to acknowledge the stimuli or to respond to other visual or auditoryinformation relating to the hearing test process. Note that the deviceembodiment depicted in FIGS. 1 through 4 may also be configured in thisway, that is, suspended around the test subject's neck.

In another example embodiment, one or more test subjects may be locatedat a remote location to the test administrator, and the communicationslink of a direct remote connection or a networked environment such asthe Internet may be used as the medium to connect the tester to one ormultiple subjects while performing a testing process. In the event thatan automated testing protocol is being administered, the testingprotocol can be downloaded to the device's memory as a series ofinstructions that are defined by discrete characteristics that can bepredetermined and defined by the test administrator, and the test can berun independently of the microprocessor-based controlling device.

FIG. 8 shows the block diagram that describes an example embodiment(800) of audiometer circuitry that may be contained within the deviceenclosure. A wireless/wired connectivity module (801) may becommunicatively coupled with the controlling microprocessor-baseddevice, which may pass commands to and from the signal processor (802)used to generate pure tone stimuli. The integral patient responsemechanism (803) may handle the test subject interaction(s), and the D/A(digital-to-analog) convertor (804), attenuator (805), and analog outputpower amplifiers (806) may perform the necessary signal conditioning tothen be output through either the air conduction headphone port (807) orthe bone conductor via port (808). The power control module (810) mayhandle the AC and DC power management for the device, whose status maybe managed by a switch/indicator (809) and a mains power DC connector(811).

Thus, a portable audiometer enclosed within a patient response mechanismhousing has been described. Those skilled in the art will appreciatethat numerous changes and modifications can be made to the preferredembodiments of the invention, and that such changes and modificationscan be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

1. A portable audiometer device, comprising: a portable enclosure thatis adapted for a user to hold in the user's hand, be worn around theuser's neck, or be placed on a table-top remote from amicroprocessor-based controlling or monitoring device; a patientresponse mechanism in said portable enclosure for signaling responses tosound stimuli; electronic audiometer circuitry in said portableenclosure that generates or delivers electrical signals representing thesound stimuli and records one or more patient responses; an acoustictransducer that is coupled to the audiometer circuitry for receiving theelectrical signals and producing the sound stimuli; and a communicationsinterface in said portable enclosure for wirelessly communicativelycoupling the audiometer circuitry with said microprocessor-basedcontrolling or monitoring device.
 2. The audiometer device of claim 1,wherein the patient response mechanism includes at least one of abutton, switch, dial, or other actuator.
 3. The audiometer device ofclaim 1, wherein the patient response mechanism also enables navigationthrough or response to information presented during a testing process.4. The audiometer device of claim 1, wherein the acoustic transduceralso produces other aurally perceptible information.
 5. The audiometerdevice of claim 1, wherein the transducer interface enables the acoustictransducer to be removably connected to the enclosure.
 6. The audiometerdevice of claim 1, wherein the acoustic transducer includes an earphone.7. The audiometer device of claim 1, wherein the acoustic transducerincludes an insertion earphone.
 8. The audiometer device of claim 1,wherein the acoustic transducer includes a bone vibrator.
 9. Theaudiometer device of claim 1, further comprising a power supply port forconnecting a power supply to the audiometer circuitry.
 10. Theaudiometer device of claim 1, wherein the microprocessor-based device isat least one of a personal computer, a personal digital assistant, aphone, a custom or hybrid device, a media player, a gaming system, apersonal audio player, or another device that can operativelycommunicate with the audiometer circuitry.
 11. The audiometer device ofclaim 1, wherein the microprocessor-based device is adapted to manage,store, or retrieve data about a test subject or a test in such a waythat an operation and general appearance of a respective user interfaceon each of a plurality of such microprocessor-based devices is similarin look, feel, and general operational form, independent of screen size,orientation, or other attributes that may differ from one suchmicroprocessor-based device to another.
 12. The audiometer device ofclaim 1, wherein the microprocessor-based device is adapted to monitoror control a plurality of tests performed simultaneously by a respectiveplurality of test subjects.
 13. The audiometer device of claim 1,wherein the audiometer device comprises a patient-friendly cover over atleast a portion of the portable enclosure or is otherwise made toresemble a patient-friendly object.
 14. The audiometer device of claim1, wherein the sound stimuli include at least one of tones, speech, ornoise.
 15. A portable audiometer device, comprising: a portableenclosure that is adapted for a user to hold in the user's hand, be wornaround the user's neck, or be placed on a table-top remote from amicroprocessor-based controlling or monitoring device; a patientresponse mechanism in said portable enclosure that enables navigationthrough or response to information presented during a testing process;electronic audiometer circuitry in said portable enclosure thatgenerates or delivers electrical signals representing sound stimuli andrecords one or more patient responses; an acoustic transducer that iscoupled to the audiometer circuitry for receiving the electrical signalsand producing the sound stimuli; and a communications interface in saidportable enclosure for wirelessly communicatively coupling theaudiometer circuitry with said microprocessor-based controlling ormonitoring device.
 16. The audiometer device of claim 15, wherein thepatient response mechanism includes at least one of a button, a switch,a dial, or another actuator.
 17. The audiometer device of claim 15,where the patient response mechanism is labeled with anelectronically-generated label that can be modified under softwarecontrol during a test to provide context sensitivity to a type ofstimulus, a location within a test process, or a response required toacknowledge the information presented.
 18. The audiometer device ofclaim 15, where the information presented includes instructions orinformation relating to navigation through a testing procedure.
 19. Amethod for testing hearing of a test subject, the method comprising:providing the test subject with a portable audiometer system comprising:a portable enclosure that is adapted for a user to hold in the user'shand, be worn around the user's neck, or be placed on a table-top remotefrom a microprocessor-based controlling or monitoring device, a patientresponse mechanism in said portable enclosure that enables navigationthrough or response to information presented during a testing process,electronic audiometer circuitry in said portable enclosure thatgenerates or delivers electrical signals representing sound stimuli andrecords one or more patient responses, an acoustic transducer that iscoupled to the audiometer circuitry for receiving the electrical signalsand producing the sound stimuli, and a communications interface in saidportable enclosure for wirelessly communicatively coupling theaudiometer circuitry with said microprocessor-based controlling ormonitoring device; and enabling the test subject to respond to both thestimuli and information received via the communications interface andpresented during the testing process, and to utilize the patientresponse mechanism to control a flow or sequence of the testing processin a self-directed manner.